Frequency of androgenic alopecia in patients presenting with polycystic ovarian syndrome at tertiary care hospital Karachi.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66344/jpad.v36i1.3257Keywords:
Keywords: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Alopecia; Hyperandrogenism; Insulin Resistance; Prevalence.Abstract
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial endocrine disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism, anovulation, and polycystic ovarian morphology. Dermatological manifestations of hyperandrogenism include acne, hirsutism, and androgenic alopecia, also known as female pattern hair loss (FPHL). While FPHL has significant psychosocial implications, it may also reflect underlying metabolic dysfunction. Despite the high burden of PCOS in South Asia, local epidemiological data on androgenic alopecia in PCOS remain scarce. Objective: To determine the frequency of androgenic alopecia in women with PCOS presenting to a tertiary care hospital in Karachi and to evaluate its association with clinical and metabolic parameters. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Dermatology, PNS Shifa Hospital, Karachi, from October 2021 to May 2022. A total of 135 women aged 20–60 years with a confirmed diagnosis of PCOS according to Rotterdam criteria and hair loss for more than one month were included. Patients with alopecia areata, scarring alopecia, telogen effluvium, thyroid disorders, or history of corticosteroid/hormonal therapy were excluded. Clinical diagnosis of androgenic alopecia was made by dermatological examination using Ludwig and Sinclair scales. Demographics, body mass index (BMI), clinical features, and laboratory findings were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS version 22. Chi-square and logistic regression tests were applied with p < 0.05 considered significant. Results: Among 135 participants, 112 (83%) had androgenic alopecia. Significant associations were observed with age >30 years (p=0.024), hirsutism (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.1–3.9), sleep disturbance (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1–3.4), and smoking (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.0–3.9). Elevated LDL was an independent predictor, while serum androgen levels showed no significant correlation. Conclusion: Androgenic alopecia is highly prevalent in PCOS patients. Early dermatological screening may help identify metabolic and psychosocial risks. Keywords: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Alopecia; Hyperandrogenism; Insulin Resistance; Prevalence.References
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