Histomorphology of lichenoid tissue reactions: A retrospective study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66344/jpad.v34i4.2670Keywords:
Histopathology, Lichenoid tissue reaction, lichen planusAbstract
Objective To analyse variety of disorders comprising of lichenoid tissue reactions on the basis of their respective histomorphological features.
Methods A 2-year retrospective study was conducted on skin biopsies with presence of lichenoid tissue reactions. On histopathological examination, lichenoid reactions were identified in a total of 184 cases, out of which 147 were lichen planus and 37 showed lichenoid eruptions.
Results Out of the total of 184 cases, females (62.5%) were more commonly affected. Most common site of predilection being extremities (34.23%). Among the lichenoid tissue reactions, lichen planus (29.89%) and lichen planus pigmentosus (23.36%) constituted majority of cases. Presence of band-like lymphocytic infiltrate is the most constant histopathological finding of lichenoid tissue reaction followed by basal cell layer vacuolization, hyperkeratosis, hypergranulosis, acanthosis, and pigment incontinence.
Conclusion Thus, histopathology is an essential tool for reaching to a conclusive diagnosis, amongst the vast list of differential diagnosis of lichenoid tissue reactions with similar clinical presentation.
Key message Lichenoid tissue reactions comprises of a variety of inflammatory disorders having a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations. Histopathology, acts as an essential tool for a conclusive diagnosis, to differentiate the vast list of differential diagnosis, that present with similar clinical picture.
References
1. Pinkus H. Lichenoid tissue reactions. A speculative review of the clinical spectrum of epidermal basal cell damage with special reference to erythema dyschromicum perstans. Arch Dermatol. 1973;107:840-6.
2. Sontheimer RD. Lichenoid tissue reaction/interface dermatitis: Clinical and histological perspectives. J Invest Dermatol. 2009;129:1088-99.
3. Mobini N, Toussaint S, Kamino H. Noninfectious erythematous, papular, and squamous diseases. In: Elder DE, Elenitsas, R, Johnson BL, Murphy GF. Lever’s Histopathology of the Skin, 10th edition. Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins;2009:185-90.
4. Parihar A, Sharma S, Bhattacharya SN, Singh UR. A clinicopathological study of cutaneous lichen planus. J Dermatol Dermatol Surg. 2015;19:21-6.
5. Chauhan R, Srinath MK, Ali NM, Bhat RM, Sukumar D. Clinicopathological study of lichenoid reactions: A retrospective analysis. J Evol Med Dent Sci. 2015;4:5551-62.
6. Kumar UM, Yelikar BR, Inamadar AC, Umesh S, Singhal A, Kushtagi AV. A clinico-pathological study of lichenoid tissue reactions-a tertiary care experience. J Clin Diagn Res. 2013;7:312-6.
7. Srinivasamurthy BC, Halappa NA, Biligi DS, Sacchidanand S. Clinico-pathological study of lichenoid eruptions of skin. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2012;25;226-30.
8. Jyothi AR, Shweta SJ, Sharmila PS, Dhaval P, Mahantachar V, Rajaram T. Lichenoid Tissue Reaction/Interface dermatitis: A histopathological Study. Int J Med Appl Sci. 2013;2:76-89.
9. Malathi BG, Sandhu JK. Interface dermatitis-Clinicopathologic Spectrum. Arch Cytol Histopathol Res. 2016;1:57-62.
10. Hegde VK, Khadilkar UN. A clinicopathological study of interface dermatitis. Indian J Pathol and Microbiol. 2014;57:386-9.
11. Sehgal VN, Rege VL. Lichen planus: An appraisal of 147 cases. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 1974;40:104-7
12. Sarin N, Anand P, Khurana VK. Lichenoid Tissue Reactions- A Study of Various Histomorphological Patterns with Clinical Correlation And Review of Literature. Int J Recent Sci Res. 2017;8:20409-15.
13. Maheshwari GR, Mehta HH, Nikam V. Clinico-histopathological correlation for diagnosis of lichenoid interface dermatoses. J Dermatol Dermatol Surg. 2016;20:115-24.
14. Muralidhar A, Venugopal SB, Nandini AS. Clinicohistopathologic study of lichenoid interface dermatitis. Arch Med Health Sci. 2020;8:20-5.
15. Ellis FA. Histopathology of lichen planus based on analysis of one hundred biopsy specimen. J Invest Dermatol. 1967;48:143-8.
16. Staubach P. Lichen planus. CME Dermatol. 2009;4:68-79.
17. David Weedon. The Lichenoid reaction pattern (Interface dermatitis). In, Weedon. Weedon’s Skin Pathology, 3rd edition. China, Churchill Livingstone Elsevier. 2010;38-42.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Priyanka Agarwala, Praveen Prakash, Mohit Agarwal, Sompal Singh, Namrata Sarin, Sonam Kumar Pruthi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Submission declaration
Authors retain the copyright to their work and grant the 'Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists (JPAD)' the right of first publication under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license. This license allows others to share, adapt, and reuse the work for any purpose, including commercial use, as long as appropriate credit is given to the original authors and the journal.
By submitting a manuscript, authors confirm that the work has not been published previously (except as an abstract, lecture, or academic thesis), is not under review elsewhere, and has been approved by all authors and relevant authorities. Once accepted, the article will be openly accessible under the CC BY 4.0 license, ensuring wide dissemination and reuse with proper attribution.
