Alopecia aeata: Clinical spectrum and its association with thyroid dysfunction in Bahawalpur
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66344/jpad.v30i1.1384Keywords:
Alopecia areata, thyroid dysfunction, autoimmunityAbstract
Objective To study the clinical spectrum of alopecia areata (AA) and the frequency of thyroid dysfunction in alopecia areata patients.
Methods A cross sectional study was carried out in department of Dermatology, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur for the duration of 6 months. A total of 183 patients suffering from AA of any severity belonging to either sex and age between 20 to 50 were included. All patients were evaluated for severity of AA (mild, moderate, severe, totalis) and their blood samples were taken to analyse thyroid hormones level and antithyroid antibodies.
Results Out of 183 patients, 103(56.28%) were males and 80(43.72%) were females. Mean age of patients was 34.80±8.36 years. The mean duration of disease was 6.39±2.44 months. The clinical spectrum of AA was seen as mild in 44.26%, moderate in 39.51%, severe in 15.85% and alopecia totalis in 10.38% patients. The thyroid dysfunction was seen in 13 (7.10%) of AA patients.
Conclusion This study concluded that there is high frequency of mild AA and frequency of thyroid dysfunction in AA patients is quite high.
References
1. Seetharam KA. Alopecia areata: an update. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2013; 79: 563-75.
2. Al-Mutairi N, Eldin ON. Clinical profile and impact on quality of life: Seven years experience with patients of alopecia areata. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2011; 77: 489-93.
3. Duncan FJ, Silva KA, Johnson C, King B, Szatkiewicz JP, Kamdar S, et al. Endogenous retinoids in the pathogenesis of alopecia areata. J Invest Dermatol 2013; 133(2): 334–43.
4. Gilhar A, Ullmann Y, Berkutzki T, Assay B, Kalish RS. Autoimmune hair loss (alopecia areata) transferred by T lymphocytes to human scalp explants on SCID mice. J Clin Invest 1998; 101: 62-7.
5. Bakry OA, Basha MA, El Shafiee MK, Shehata WA. Thyroid disorders associated with alopecia areata in Egyptian patients. Indian J Dermatol 2014; 59(1): 49–55.
6. Alkhalifah A, Alsantali A, Wang E, McElwee KJ, Shapiro J. Alopecia areata update: part i. clinical picture, histopathology and pathogenesis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2010; 62: 177-88.
7. Lo SK, McGuire S, English JC. A retrospective study of thyroid structural abnormalities in alopecia patients. Dermato Endocrinol 2011; 3: 251-4.
8. Kurtipek GS, Cihan FG, Demirbaş SE, Ataseven A. The frequency of autoimmune thyroid disease in alopecia areata and vitiligo patients. Bio Med Res Intl 2015; 2015: 435947.
9. Olsen EA. Investigative guidelines for alopecia areata. Dermatol Therapy 2011; 24: 311–19.
10. Brenner R. Coincidences of alopecia areata, Vitiligo, Onychodystrophy, localized scleroderma and lichen planus. Dermatologica 1979; 159: 356-8.
11. Ahmed I, Nasreen S, Jehangir U, Wahid Z. Clinical spectrum of alopecia areata and its association with thyroid dysfunction. J Pak Assoc Dermatol 2012; 22(3): 207-12.
12. Ahmed I, Wahid Z, Nasreen S. Alopeciaareata; combination therapy with minoxidil(2%) solution and isotretinoin (0.05%) gel. J Pak Assoc Dermatol 2005; 15: 140-5.
13. Jameel K, Ejaz A, Sohail M, Rahman SB. Value of transverse section scalp biopsy in alopecia areata - a clinicopathological correlation. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2008; 18: 338-41.
14. Ejaz A, Jameel K, Suhail M. Pattern andprofile of alopecia areata in Pakistan. J Pak Assoc Dermatol 2009; 19: 136-40.
15. Lyakhovitsky, A., Shemer, A., and Amichai, B. Increased prevalence of thyroid disorders in patients with new onset alopecia areata. Australas J Dermatol 2015; 56: 103–106.
16. Gönül M, Gül U, Pişkin E. Alopesi Areatalı Hastaların Geriye Dönük Z Değerlendirilmesi. Turkish J Dermatol 2011; 5: 43–47.
17. Park SM, Oh YJ, Lew BL, Sim WY. The association between thyroid dysfunction, thyroid autoimmunity,and clinical features of alopecia areata: a retrospective study. J Am Acad Dermatol 2019; 81: 602-5.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Rabia Asgher, Naima Luqman, Uzma Almas, Faiza Akhlaq, Muhammad Khalid, Jamil Ahmed Shaheen
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Submission declaration
Authors retain the copyright to their work and grant the 'Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists (JPAD)' the right of first publication under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license. This license allows others to share, adapt, and reuse the work for any purpose, including commercial use, as long as appropriate credit is given to the original authors and the journal.
By submitting a manuscript, authors confirm that the work has not been published previously (except as an abstract, lecture, or academic thesis), is not under review elsewhere, and has been approved by all authors and relevant authorities. Once accepted, the article will be openly accessible under the CC BY 4.0 license, ensuring wide dissemination and reuse with proper attribution.
