VDR polymorphisms ApaI (rs7975232), TaqI (rs731236) and FokI (rs2228570) in Pakistani vitiligo patients and controls
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66344/jpad.v27i2.1074Keywords:
Vitamin D receptor, vitiligo, polymorphism, polymerase chain reaction, restriction length polymorphismAbstract
Objective To evaluate sexually transmitted infections (STI) with reference to its pattern and any change in the trend of STI.
Methods The present work was designed as a tertiary urban hospital based observational, cross-sectional, clinico-demographic study during the period from Feb 2013 to Sep 2014. Patients were examined clinically and relevant investigations were done.
Results Out of total 178 STI patients, the commonest STI was balanoposthitis (n=65, 36.5%) followed by genital scabies (n=31, 17.4%), genital herpes (n=19, 10.7%,), venereal warts (n= 15, 8.4%), nongonococcal urethritis (n= 14, 7.9%) and chancroid (n=12, 6.7%). Majority of the patients (n= 46, 25.8%) were in the age group 25-29 years and the younger patients (ages 15-24 years) constituted a bulk of 58 (32.6%). HIV seropositivity was seen in 7 (3.9%) of total STI cases. Among HIV seropositive patients herpes genitalis (n=4, 57.1%) were most common STI. Commercial sex workers (n=78, 43.8%,) were the main source of infection responsible for STIs.
Conclusion The present study showed the changing trend of STIs. The current scenario has changed with balanoposthitis being the most common STI. A decline in the number of younger patients between the age group of 15 to 24 years suggested a shifting pattern from adolescent to adult age group.
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Copyright (c) 2017 Sumaira Sajjad, Saeeda Munir, Simeen Ber Rahman, Nusrat Saba, Sadia Rehman
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