Kaposi’s sarcoma in a male with human immunodeficiency virus and condyloma acuminata: A case report

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: Kaposi's sarcoma (SK) is an angioproliferative cancer originating from endothelial cells. Usually occurs in immunocompromised conditions such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Condyloma acuminata (KA) are papules on the genitals caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). This case report aims to describe the diagnosis of SK and KA in HIV patients. Case: A 23-year-old man with HIV came with a red swollen face and purplish red bumps on his face and body, and dark brown lumps on his anus. Dermato-venereological examination revealed multiple well-defined erythematous papules and nodules on the face, lower extremities, trunk, and inguinal. There are multiple dark brown papules with a verrucous surface that is partially erosive. Immunohistochemistry revealed positive CD-31. Facial skin biopsy showed spindle cells whereas anal skin biopsy showed polypoid, hyperplasia, acanthosis, and koilocytosis dominant in the epidermis. The acetowhite test on the anus is positive. We diagnosed this patient with SK and KA. Discussion: SK is an angioproliferative cancer that often occurs in immunocompromised patients such as HIV. The risk factor of SK is having a CD4+ count below 200 cells/mL and CD4+ count in this patient with HIV is 7 cells/mL, which led to the manifestation of SK. Conclusion: HIV patients with low CD4+ count are susceptible to SK and KA. Biopsy and immunohistochemistry of SK shows positive spindle cells and CD-31 whereas biopsy of KA shows polypoid, hyperplasia, acanthosis, and a dominant koilocytosis of the epidermis Keywords: Human immunodeficiency virus, condyloma acuminata, Kaposi's sarcoma.