Non-invasive body contouring: A review
Non-invasive Body Contouring
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66344/jpad.v32i1.1824Abstract
Non-invasive body contouring modalities optimize the cosmesis of the human body safely and effectively and represent a fast-expanding domain of cosmetic dermatology. There are currently five approved modalities including cryolipolysis, radiofrequency, high-intensity focused ultrasound, laser therapy and high-intensity focused electromagnetic field. This article provides a brief overview of these modalities in the light of the recent literature.
References
1. Jalian HR, Avram MM. Body contouring: the skinny on noninvasive fat removal. Semin Cutan Med Surg. 2012;31:121-5.
2. Kennedy J, Verne S, Griffith R, et al. Non-invasive subcutaneous fat reduction: a review. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2015;29:1679-88.
3. Chilukuri S, Mueller G. “Hands-free” noninvasive body contouring devices: review of effectiveness and patient satisfaction. J Drugs Dermatol. 2016; 15:1402-6.
4. Rzepecki AK, Farberg AS, Hashim PW, Goldenberg G. Update on noninvasive body contouring techniques. Cutis. 2018; 101(4):285-8.
5. Manstein D, Laubach H, Watanabe K, Farinelli W, Zurakowski D, Anderson RR . Selective cryolysis: a novel method of non-invasive fat removal. Lasers Surg Med. 2008;40:595-604.
6. Zelickson B, Egbert BM, Preciado J, Allison J, Springer K, Rhoades RW, Manstein D. Cryolipolysis for noninvasive fat cell destruction: initial results from a pig model. Dermatol Surg. 2009;35(10):1462-70.
7. Coleman SR, Sachdeva K, Egbert BM, Preciado J, Allison J. Clinical efficacy of noninvasive cryolipolysis and its effects on peripheral nerves. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2009;33(4):482-8.
8. Hwang IC, Kim KK, Lee KR. Cryolipolysis-induced abdominal fat change: Split-body trials. PLoS One. 2020; 15(12): e0242782.
9. Lipner SR. Cryolipolysis for the treatment of submental fat: Review of the literature. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2018;17(2):145-51.
10. Suh DH, Park JH, Jung HK, Lee SJ, Kim HJ, Ryu HJ. Cryolipolysis for submental fat reduction in Asians. J Cosmet Laser Ther. 2018;20(1):24-27.
11. Kilmer SL, Burns AJ, Zelickson BD. Safety and efficacy of cryolipolysis for non-invasive reduction of submental fat. Lasers Surg Med. 2016;48(1):3-13.
12. Bernstein EF, Bloom JD. Safety and efficacy of bilateral submental cryolipolysis with quantified 3-Dimensional imaging of fat reduction and skin tightening. JAMA Facial Plast Surg. 2017;19(5):350-7.
13. Rodopoulou S, Gavala MI, Keramidas E. Three-dimensional Cryolipolysis for Submental and Lateral Neck Fat Reduction. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2020;8(4): e2789.
14. Boey GE, Wasilenchuk JL. Fat reduction in the inner thigh using a prototype cryolipolysis applicator. Dermatol Surg. 2014;40(9):1004-9.
15. Stevens WG, Bachelor EP. Cryolipolysis conformable-surface applicator for nonsurgical fat reduction in lateral thighs. Aesthet Surg J. 2015;35(1):66-71.
16. Zelickson BD, Burns AJ, Kilmer SL. Cryolipolysis for safe and effective inner thigh fat reduction. Lasers Surg Med. 2015;47(2):120-7.
17. Meyer PF, Consulin MCD, Rodrigues T, Pereira AM, Lopes PCM, da Silva RMV, de Vasconcellos LS. Effects of contrast cryolipolysis on flank region adiposity: Case study. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2018; 17(6):1059-62.
18. Pinto H, Arredondo E, Ricart-Jane D. Evaluation of adipocytic changes after a simil-lipocryolysis stimulus. Cryo Letters. 2013;34:100-5.
19. Hedayati B, Juhász M, Chu S, Mesinkovska NA. Adverse events associated with Cryolipolysis: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Dermatol Surg. 2020;46(s1):S8-S13.
20. Ingargiola MJ, Motakef S, Chung MT, Vasconez HC, Sasaki GH. Cryolipolysis for fat reduction and body contouring: safety and efficacy of current treatment paradigms. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2015;135(6):1581-90.
21. Ho D, Jagdeo J. A Systematic Review of Paradoxical Adipose Hyperplasia (PAH) Post-Cryolipolysis. J Drugs Dermatol. 2017;16(1):62-7.
22. Jalian HR, Avram MM, Garibyan L, Mihm MC, Anderson RR. Paradoxical adipose hyperplasia after cryolipolysis. JAMA Dermatol. 2014;150(3):317-9.
23. Singh SM, Geddes ER, Boutrous SG, Galiano RD, Friedman PM. Paradoxical adipose hyperplasia secondary to cryolipolysis: An underreported entity? Lasers Surg Med. 2015;47(6):476-8.
24. Nguyen NLT, Xue B, Bartness TJ. Sensory denervation of inguinal white fat modifies sympathetic outflow to white and brown fat in Siberian hamsters. Physiol Behav. 2018; 190:28-33.
25. Nikolis A, Enright KM. A Multicenter Evaluation of Paradoxical Adipose Hyperplasia Following Cryolipolysis for Fat Reduction and Body Contouring: A Review of 8658 Cycles in 2114 Patients. Aesthet Surg J. 2021;41(8):932-41.
26. Keaney TC, Naga LI. Men at risk for paradoxical adipose hyperplasia after cryolipolysis. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2016; 15(4):575-7.
27. Kelly ME, Rodríguez-Feliz J, Torres C, Kelly E. Treatment of Paradoxical Adipose Hyperplasia following Cryolipolysis: A Single-Center Experience. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2018;142(1):17e-22e.
28. Lolis MS, Goldberg DJ. Radiofrequency in cosmetic dermatology: a review. Dermatol Surg. 2012;38(11):1765-76.
29. Beasley KL, Weiss RA. Radiofrequency in cosmetic dermatology. Dermatol Clin. 2014; 32(1):79-90.
30. Hantash BM, Ubeid AA, Chang H, et al. Bipolar fractional radiofrequency treatment induces neoelastogenesis and neocollagenesis. Lasers Surg Med. 2009; 41:1-9.
31. Harth Y. Painless, safe, and efficacious noninvasive skin tightening, body contouring, and cellulite reduction using multisource 3DEEP radiofrequency. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2015;14(1):70-5.
32. Sugawara J, Kou S, Kokubo K, Kuroda A, Hashizume Y, Kobayashi S, Maegawa J, Satake T. Application for lower facial fat reduction and tightening by static type monopolar 1-MHz radio frequency for body contouring. Lasers Surg Med. 2017; 49(8):750-5.
33. Taub AF, Tucker RD, Palange A. Facial tightening with an advanced 4-MHz monopolar radiofrequency device. J Drugs Dermatol. 2012;11(11):1288-94.
34. Vega JM, Bucay VW, Mayoral FA. Prospective, multicenter study to determine the safety and efficacy of a unique radiofrequency device for moderate to severe hand wrinkles. J Drugs Dermatol. 2013;12(1):24-6.
35. Shemer A, Levy H, Sadick NS, Harth Y, Dorizas AS. Home-based wrinkle reduction using a novel handheld multisource phase-controlled radiofrequency device. J Drugs Dermatol. 2014;13(11):1342-7.
36. Gold MH, Biron J, Levi L, Sensing W. Safety, efficacy, and usage compliance of home-use device utilizing RF and light energies for treating periorbital wrinkles. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2017;16(1):95-102.
37. Agochukwu-Nwubah N, Mentz H. Paradoxical adipose hyperplasia after noninvasive radiofrequency treatment: A novel report and review. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2020;19(4):866-8.
38. Minkis K, Alam M. Ultrasound skin tightening. Dermatol Clin. 2014;32:71-7.
39. Sklar LR, El Tal AK, Kerwin LY. Use of transcutaneous ultrasound for lipolysis and skin tightening: a review. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2014;38:429-41.
40. Fabi SG. Noninvasive skin tightening: focus on new ultrasound techniques. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2015;8:47-52.
41. Casabona G, Kaye K. Facial skin tightening with microfocused ultrasound and dermal fillers: Considerations for patient selection and outcomes. J Drugs Dermatol. 2019;18(11):1075-82.
42. Ko EJ, Hong JY, Kwon TR, et al. Efficacy and safety of non-invasive body tightening with high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). Skin Res Technol. 2017;23:558-62.
43. MacGregor JL, Tanzi EL. Microfocused ultrasound for skin tightening. Semin Cutan Med Surg. 2013;32:18-25.
44. Fatemi A. High-intensity focused ultrasound effectively reduces adipose tissue. Semin Cutan Med Surg. 2009;28:257-62.
45. Hotta TA. Nonsurgical body contouring with focused ultrasound. Plast Surg Nurs. 2010;30:77-82
46. Fatemi A, Kane MA. High-intensity focused ultrasound effectively reduces waist circumference by ablating adipose tissue from the abdomen and flanks: a retrospective case series. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2010;34(5):577-82.
47. Shek SY, Yeung CK, Chan JC, Chan HH. Efficacy of high-intensity focused ultrasonography for noninvasive body sculpting in Chinese patients. Lasers Surg Med. 2014;46(4):263-9.
48. Fabi SG, Few JW, Moinuddin S. Practical guidance for optimizing patient comfort during microfocused ultrasound with visualization and improving patient satisfaction. Aesthet Surg J. 2020; 40(2):208-16.
49. Gutowski KA. Microfocused ultrasound for skin tightening. Clin Plast Surg. 2016; 43(3):577-82.
50. Baumann L, Zelickson B. Evaluation of micro-focused ultrasound for lifting and tightening neck laxity. J Drugs Dermatol. 2016;15(5):607-14.
51. Jones IT, Guiha I, Goldman MP, Wu DC. A randomized evaluator-blinded trial comparing subsurface monopolar radiofrequency with microfocused ultrasound for lifting and tightening of the neck. Dermatol Surg. 2017;43(12):1441-7.
52. Kerscher M, Nurrisyanti AT, Eiben-Nielson C, Hartmann S, Lambert-Baumann J. Skin physiology and safety of microfocused ultrasound with visualization for improving skin laxity. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2019;12:71-9.
53. Saedi N, Kaminer M. New waves for fat reduction: high-intensity focused ultrasound. Semin Cutan Med Surg. 2013;32(1):26-30.
54. Schilling L, Saedi N, Weiss R. 1060 nm diode hyperthermic laser lipolysis: the latest in non-invasive body contouring. J Drugs Dermatol. 2017;16:48-52.
55. Decorato JW, Chen B, Sierra R. Subcutaneous adipose tissue response to a non-invasive hyperthermic treatment using a 1,060 nm laser. Lasers Surg Med. 2017; 49:480-9.
56. Bass LS, Doherty ST. Safety and efficacy of a non-invasive 1060 nm Diode Laser for fat reduction of the abdomen. J Drugs Dermatol. 2018;17(1):106-12.
57. Katz B, Doherty S. Safety and efficacy of a noninvasive 1,060-nm diode laser for fat reduction of the flanks. Dermatol Surg. 2018;44(3):388-96.
58. Sweeney DL, Wang EB, Austin E, Jagdeo J. Combined hyperthermic 1060nm diode laser lipolysis with topical skin tightening treatment: Case series. J Drugs Dermatol. 2018;17(7):780-5.
59. Avci P, Nyame TT, Gupta GK, Sadasivam M, Hamblin MR. Low-level laser therapy for fat layer reduction: a comprehensive review. Lasers Surg Med. 2013;45(6):349-57.
60. Mazzoni D, Lin MJ, Dubin DP, Khorasani H. Review of non-invasive body contouring devices for fat reduction, skin tightening and muscle definition. Australas J Dermatol. 2019;60(4):278-3.
61. Weiss RA, Bernardy J. Induction of fat apoptosis by a non-thermal device: Mechanism of action of non-invasive high-intensity electromagnetic technology in a porcine model. Lasers Surg Med. 2019; 51(1):47-53.
62. Halaas Y, Bernardy J. Mechanism of nonthermal induction of apoptosis by high-intensity focused electromagnetic procedure: Biochemical investigation in a porcine model. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2020; 19(3):605-611.
63. Kinney BM, Lozanova P. High intensity focused electromagnetic therapy evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging: Safety and efficacy study of a dual tissue effect based non-invasive abdominal body shaping. Lasers Surg Med. 2019;51(1):40-6.
64. Jacob C, Kinney B, Busso M, Chilukuri S, McCoy J D, Bailey C, Denkova R. High intensity focused electro-magnetic technology (HIFEM) for non-invasive buttock lifting and toning of gluteal muscles: A multi-center efficacy and safety study. J Drugs Dermatol. 2018;17(11):1229-32.
65. Giesse S. A German prospective study of the safety and efficacy of a non-invasive, high-intensity, electromagnetic abdomen and buttock contouring device. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2021;14(1):30-3.
66. Jacob CI, Rank B. abdominal remodeling in postpartum women by using a high-intensity focused electromagnetic (HIFEM) procedure: An investigational Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) silot Study. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2020;13(9 Suppl 1):S16-S20.
67. Goldberg DJ, Enright KM, Goldfarb R, Katz B, Gold M. The role and clinical benefits of high-intensity focused electromagnetic devices for non-invasive lipolysis and beyond: A narrative review and position paper. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2021; 20(7):2096-101.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Sajad Ahmad Salati
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Submission declaration
Authors retain the copyright to their work and grant the 'Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists (JPAD)' the right of first publication under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license. This license allows others to share, adapt, and reuse the work for any purpose, including commercial use, as long as appropriate credit is given to the original authors and the journal.
By submitting a manuscript, authors confirm that the work has not been published previously (except as an abstract, lecture, or academic thesis), is not under review elsewhere, and has been approved by all authors and relevant authorities. Once accepted, the article will be openly accessible under the CC BY 4.0 license, ensuring wide dissemination and reuse with proper attribution.
