Association of alopecia areata with segmental vitiligo and segmental lichen planus: a case report
Keywords:
Alopecia areata, segmental vitiligo, segmental lichen planusAbstract
Alopecia areata (AA) is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the hair follicles and sometimes, the nails. It is believed that AA is caused by T cell-mediated autoimmune response and increased frequency of other autoimmune diseases in persons suffering from AA supports this hypothesis. A 12-year-old boy presented with extensive alopecia areata with pitting in all nails for 6 years. He had developed lesions of vitiligo and lichen planus on trunk in a segmental manner. While the association of alopecia areata and vitiligo as well as lichen planus is well known, segmental nature of both vitiligo and lichen planus is quite rare.References
Messenger AG, Berker DAR, Sinclair RD. Disorders of hair. In: Burns T, Breathnach S, Cox N, Griffiths C, editors. Rook’s Textbook of Dermatology. 8th ed. West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell; 2010. P. 66.31-7
Paus R, Olsen EA, Messenger AG. Hair growth disorders. In: Wolff K, Goldsmith LA, Katz SI et al., editors. Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine. 7th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2008. P. 762-5.
Bolduc C, Lui H, Shapiro J. Alopecia areata. [cited 2011July 15]. Available from: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1069931-overview
Akay BN, Bozkir M, Anadolu Y, Gullu S. Epidemiology of vitiligo, associated autoimmune diseases and audiological abnormalities: Ankara study of 80 patients in Turkey. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2010;24:1144-50.
Kuchabal SD, Kuchabal DS. Alopecia areata associated with localized vitiligo. Case Rep Dermatol 2010;27:27-31.
Henderson C A, Ilchyshyn A. Vitiligo complicating diphencyprone sensitization therapy for alopecia universalis. Br J Dermatol 1995;133:496-7.
Hatzis J, Gourgiotou K, Tosca A et al. Vitiligo as a reaction to topical treatment with diphencyprone. Dermatologica 1988; 177:146-8.
Friedmann PS, Arden-Jones MR, Holden CA. Atopic dermatitis. In: Burns T, Breathnach S, Cox N, Griffiths C, editors. Rook’s Textbook of Dermatology. 8th ed. West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell Publishers; 2010. P. 24.23.1-23.24.
Hay RJ, Ashbee HR. Mycology. In: Burns T, Breathnach S, Cox N, Griffiths C, editors. Rook’s Textbook of Dermatology. 8th ed. West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell Publishers; 2010. P. 36.1-36.94.
Breathnach SM. Lichen planus and lichenoid disorders. In: Burns T, Breathnach S, Cox N, Griffiths C, editors. Rook’s Textbook of Dermatology. 8th ed. West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell Publishers; 2010. P. 41.1-41.28.
Goodfield MJD, Jones SK, Veale DJ. The ‘Connective Tissue Diseases’. In: Burns T, Breathnach S, Cox N, Griffiths C, editors. Rook’s Textbook of Dermatology. 8th ed. West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell Publishers; 2010. P. 51.1-51.138.
Brenner W, Diem E, Gschnait F. Coincidence of vitiligo, alopecia areata, onychodystrophy, localized scleroderma and lichen planus. Dermatologica 1979;159:356-60.
Berker DAR, Baran R. Disorders of Nail. In: Burns T, Breathnach S, Cox N, Griffiths C, editors. Rook’s Textbook of Dermatology. 8th ed. West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell Publishers; 2010. P. 65.1-65.57.
Poojary SA. Vitiligo and associated autoimmune disorders: A retrospective hospital-based study in Mumbai, India. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2011. doi:10.1016/j.aller.2010.12.00 (In press)
Yoo KH, Lee JW, Jang WS et al. Cutis verticis gyrata and alopecia areata: a synchronous coincidence? Yonsei Med J 2010;51:612-4.
Gadenne AS, Strucke R, Dunn D et al. T-cell lines derived from lesional skin of lichen planus patients contain a distinctive population of T-cell receptor gamma delta-bearing cells. J Invest Dermatol 1994;103:347-51.
Gilhar A, Paus R, Kalish R. Lymphocytes, neuropeptides, and genes involved in alopecia areata. J Clin Invest 2007;117:2019-27.
Halder RM, Taliaferro SJ. Vitiligo. In: Wolff K, Goldsmith LA, Katz SI et al., editors. Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine. 7th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2008. P. 616-22.