Recent advances in the management of tuberculosis
Keywords:
Tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, sputum microscopy, Mantoux test, antituberculosis drugs.Abstract
The importance of tuberculosis in Pakistan and other underdeveloped countries cannot beover emphasized. Despite inclusion of BCG vaccination in the EPI program and availabilityof the anti-tuberculosis medicines at affordable prices, tuberculosis is still the number onecause of prolonged morbidity. The emergence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and multidrugresistant tuberculosis has added another dimension to an already complicated situationof tuberculosis globally. In response, vigorous efforts have been made to stratify the patientpopulation and streamline the treatment of various categories of tuberculosis patients.References
Iseman MD. Mycobacterial
diseases of the lungs. In: Hanley
ME, Welsh CH, eds. Current
Diagnosis and Treatment in
Pulmonary Medicine. New York:
McGraw Hill; 2004. p. 399-409.
Guidelines for diagnosis and
management for tuberculosis.Karachi: Pakistan Chest Society;
Treatment of tuberculosis. WHO
guidelines for national
programmes, 3rd edition; 2003.
Aziz A, Aziz K. Tuberculosispresent
and future. Pak J Med Sci
; 14; 73-81.
Shankar PS. Investigations. In:
Shankar PS, ed. Principles and
Management of Tuberculosis.
Philadelphia: Churchill
Livingstone; 2002. p. 109-123.
Ormerod LP. Clinical features and
management of tuberculosis. In:
Gibson GJ, Geddes DM, Costable
U et al., eds. Respiratory Medicine.
New York: WB Saunders; 2003. p.
-63.
Davies PDO, ed. Clinical
Tuberculosis. Philadelphia:
Chapman and Hall; 1998.
Iseman M. Treatment of multidrug
resistant tuberculosis. N Eng J Med
; 328: 784-90.
Horsburgh CR. Priorities for the
treatment of latent tuberculosis
infection in United States. N Eng J
Med 2004; 350: 2060-7.
Aziz A, Siddiqi SH, Aziz K, Ishaq
M. Drug resistance of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
isolated from treated patients in
Pakistan. Tubercle 1989; 70: 45-51.
Guidelines for diagnosis and
management of tuberculosis.
National tuberculosis control
programme, Ministry of Health,
Govt of Pakistan; 2002.
Aziz A, Ishaq M, Jaffar NA et al.
Clinical trial of 2 short course (6
months) regimens and standard
regimen (12 months) chemotherapy
in re-treatment of pulmonary
tuberculosis in Pakistan. Am Rev
Resp Dis 1986; 134: 1056-61.
Rose AMC, Watson JM, Graham C
et al. Tuberculosis at the turn of the
century. Thorax 2001; 56: 173-9.
Joint tuberculosis committee of the
British Thoracic Society.
Chemotherapy and Management of
Tuberculosis in the United
Kingdom. Recommendations 1998.
Thorax 1998; 83: 153-6.
