Antifungal activity of rosemary essential oil against Candida spp. isolates from HIV/AIDS patients with oral candidiasis

Authors

  • Dwi Murtiastutik Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Jalan Mayjen Prof. Dr. Moestopo No. 6-8 Surabaya 60285, East Java, Indonesia
  • Putri Intan Primasari Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
  • Evy Ervianti Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
  • Lunardi Bintanjoyo Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia

Abstract

Background: Oral candidiasis (OC) develops in most HIV/AIDS patients. Increasing resistance to antifungals leads to searches for alternative treatment for OC. This study evaluated the in vitro activity of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) essential oil compared to fluconazole against Candida spp. Methods: The rosemary essential oil used in this study is a commercial product (Young Living Ltd.). This essential oil and fluconazole were tested by broth microdilution assay against 40 isolates of Candida spp. (20 C. albicans and 20 C. non-albicans) obtained from HIV/AIDS patients with OC. Results: Against C. albicans, MIC and MFC of rosemary essential oil were 6.25% and 25%, and fluconazole were 100% and >100%. Against C. non-albicans, MIC and MFC of rosemary essential oil were 12.5% and 25%, and fluconazole were 100% and >100%. Conclusion: Rosemary essential oil was a potential antifungal candidate showing higher antifungal activity compared to fluconazole. It was fungistatic against C. albicans but fungicidal against C. non-albicans, suggesting its potential role in the treatment of OC due to C. non-albicans. Further studies are needed to determine safety and toxicity of this essential oil prior to human use especially in immunocompromised patients. Keywords: Rosmarinus officinalis, Essential oil, Candida, Antifungal resistance, HIV

Author Biographies

Dwi Murtiastutik, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Jalan Mayjen Prof. Dr. Moestopo No. 6-8 Surabaya 60285, East Java, Indonesia

Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital

Putri Intan Primasari, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia

Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia

Evy Ervianti, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia

Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia

Lunardi Bintanjoyo, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia

Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia

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Published

2023-07-02

How to Cite

1.
Murtiastutik D, Primasari PI, Ervianti E, Bintanjoyo L. Antifungal activity of rosemary essential oil against Candida spp. isolates from HIV/AIDS patients with oral candidiasis. J Pak Assoc Dermatol [Internet]. 2023Jul.2 [cited 2025Feb.7];33(2):437-43. Available from: http://www.jpad.com.pk/index.php/jpad/article/view/2112

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