Bullous pemphigoid associated with Covid-19 vaccine in child: A case report
Abstract
Background: Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a vesiculobullous autoimmune disease mediated by autoantibodies against the hemidesmosomal proteins BP180 and BP 230. This disease is rare in children. Several COVID-19 vaccinations have been linked to bullous pemphigoid. Method: The diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid is based on anamnesis, physical examination, histopathological and DIF examinations. Result: This study reports an 11-year-old boy with the chief complaint of swelling and fluid-filled blisters all over his body accompanied by pain after receiving the Sinovac-Coronavac COVID-19 vaccination. Examination of the dermatological status of the oris et genitalis region showed multiple erosions on an erythematous base. In the generalized region, multiple tense vesicles and bullae were seen scattered discretely, some confluent, some bullae ruptured to form erosions and crusts. Histopathological examination showed a subepidermal fissure, inflammatory cells, eosinophil cells and extravasation. DIF examination showed IgG deposits in the epidermis of the blister roof and formed a serrated pattern on the roof of the dermis and C3 deposits were found in the upper dermis which were consistent with bullous pemphigoid. Conclusion: The patient was given a combination therapy with injection of methylprednisolone, erythromycin and mycophenolate mofetil with good results until the 2nd month of evaluation. Keywords: bullous pemphigoid, case report, child, COVID-19, Sinovac-CoronavacReferences
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