RISK FACTORS OF ERYTHEMA NODOSUM LEPROSUM IN DERMATOVENEREOLOGY OUTPATIENTS
Keywords:
Risk factor, erythema nodosum leprosum, multibacillaryAbstract
ABSTRACT Background: Erythema Nodosum leprosum (ENL) is a type 2 hypersensitive reaction mostly affecting multibacillary leprosy types. Understanding the risk factors of ENL progression is necessary to prevent complications and further damage. Methods: a case-control descriptive study on leprosy patients visiting the Dermatovenereology outpatient clinic of Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia from January 2016 – December 2020. The data taken from medical records of patients were sex, age, education, job, type of leprosy based on WHO or Ridley-Jopling, ENL onset, the length of being on multidrug therapy (MDT), and bacterial index. We analyzed the data statistically with the Chi-Square test and Logistic regression analysis, and the significance was determined with P <0.05. Results: We obtained 98 subjects who were dominated by males (69.4%). Leprosy mostly occurred in subjects aged between 26 and 45 years old (41.8%). Most of our subjects were primary school graduates (47%). Farmers predominated our subjects. Bivariate analysis showed no significant relationship between sex as well as age and ENL (p= 0.738 and p= 0.244, respectively). ENL significantly related to WHO-based leprosy type, LL as well as BL type, onset of ENL, length of MDT consumption, and bacterial index (p=0.000,p=0.000,p=0.013,p=0.009, and p=0.014, respectively). Conclusion: There was a significant correlation between the occurrence of ENL and WHO type of leprosy, Ridley – Jopling type of leprosy, the onset of ENL, duration of MDT, and Bacterial Index. The most significant relationship was between Ridley – Jopling type of leprosy and the occurrence of leprosy. Keywords: risk factor, erythema nodosum leprosum, multibacillaryReferences
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