Facial wrinkles and its treatment
Keywords:
wrinkles, face, treatment, botulinum toxin, fillerAbstract
Objective Ageing process and gravity are the mainstay of etiological factor resulting in facial wrinkles. There are two types of wrinkles on the face; dynamic and static. Most of the wrinkles are distributed on the frontal view of the face and neck and treatment options depends on location and types of wrinkles. The face is divided into three parts; upper, middle and lower third. Invariably, the client desire is to treat these wrinkles non surgically, moreover the surgical procedures do not address these frontal, periorbital and particularly glabellar facial wrinkles. This study aim for various types facial wrinkles distributed on the upper face are dynamic i.e. forehead area, glabellar or frown winkles and periorbital wrinkles including crow's feet, nose (bunny lines) etc. The static wrinkles are distributed over the lower part of face includes nasolabial folds, marionette lines, perioral wrinkles etc.1 The present study therefore aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety and to present results with new innovative office based non surgical cosmetic surgery procedures. Material and Methods We have treated 155 clients in Faisal Hospital, Faisalabad with facial wrinkles during three years period from Jan 2015 to Dec 2017. This is a prospective cross sectional randomized observational study. The treatment modalities applied on these clients includes botulinum toxin, hyaluronic acid dermal fillers. It is quite common in our practice using techniques of platelet rich plasma (PRP), RF microdermabrasion, chemical peelings and photoepilation (LASER/ IPL) etc. for the facial rejuvenation. Results The results achieved with these innovative office based techniques are highly satisfactory in the range of 80-100%, assessed by visual analogue scoring system by client and doctor. Conclusion We recommend these techniques for all age group clients either alone or in combination for the treatment of facial wrinkles.References
Diana C Calderone, Neil AFenske; The clinical spectrum of actinic elastosis. J Am Acad Dermatol 1995; 32(6): 1016-1024.
Oakley A. Facial lines and wrinkles, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand, 2004. <https://www.dermnetnz.org/topics/facial-lines-and-wrinkles/>
Glogau R.G. Aesthetic and anatomic analysis of the aging skin. Semin. Cutan Med Surg 1996; 15: 134.
Anthony V Benedetto. Botulinum toxin in Clinical Dermatology, Edition 2005, p 43.
Day DJ1, Littler CM, Swift RW, Gottlieb S. The wrinkle severity rating scale: a validation study. Am J Clin Dermatol 2004; 5(1): 49-52.
Muhn C, Rosen N, Solish N, Bertucci V, Lupin M, Dansereau A, Weksberg F, Remington BK, Swift A. The evolving role of hyaluronic acid fillers for facial volume restoration and contouring: a Canadian overview. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2012; 5: 147-58. doi: 10.2147/CCID.S30794. Epub 2012 Oct 5.
Inja Bogdan Allemann, Leslie Baumann. Hyaluronic acid gel (Juvéderm) preparations in the treatment of facial wrinkles and folds. Clin Interv Aging 2008; 3(4): 629–634.
Brian P M, Brad M, Gary M, Gaylon M. The Etiology of Prolonged Erythema after Chemical Peel. Dermatol Surg 1998; 24(3): 337–341.
Alam M, Iqbal MJ, Akhtar R. Chemical Peels: What to Treat and Expect? J Dermatol Plast Surg 2017; 2(2): 1013.
Marx R E, Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP): What is PRP and What Is Not PRP? Implant Dentistry 2001; 10(4): 225.
Eppley BL, Pietrzak WS, Blanton M. Platelet-rich plasma: a review of biology and applications in plastic surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg 2006; 118(6):147e-159e.
Turzi A & Regan Lab team, PRP standardisation & cells therapies, 2017, 11.
Gregg M et al; Treatment of Facial Rhytids with a Nonablative Laser: A Clinical and Histologic Study 1999; 25(6): 440-444.
Carruthers A et al; Improvement of Tension‐Type Headache When Treating Wrinkles With Botulinum Toxin A Injections; HEADACHE J Headache Pain 1999; 39(9): 662-665.
Garcia A, Fulton JE Jr. Cosmetic denervation of the muscles of facial expression with botulinum toxin: a dose-response study. Dermatol Surg 1996; 22:39
Morita A. Tobacco smoke causes premature skin aging. J Dermatol Sc 2007; 48(3): 169-175.
Leea J Y, Kim Y Kb, Seo J Y et al. Loss of elastic fibers causes skin wrinkles in sun-damaged Loss of elastic fibers causes skin wrinkles in sun-damaged human skin. J Dermatol Sc 2008; 50(2): 99-107.
Lemperle G, Holmes R E, Cohen S R et al. A Classification of Facial Wrinkles; Plast Reconstr Surg 2001: 1736.
Fitzpatrick TB. The validity and particularity of sun-reactive skin types I through VI. Arch Dermatol 1988; 124(6): 869–871.
Kulick M. Evaluation of a combined laser‐radio frequency device (Polaris WR) for the nonablative treatment of facial wrinkles. J Cosmet Laser Ther 2005; 7(2): 87-92.
Eung Jung Ko, Hyuk Kim, won-Seok Park et al; Correction of midface volume deficiency using hyaluronic acid filler and intradermal radiofrequency. J Cosmet Laser Ther 2015; 17(1): 46-8.
Artzi O, Loizides C, Verner I, Landau M. Resistant and Recurrent Late Reaction to Hyaluronic Acid-Based Gel. Dermatol Surg 2016; 42: 31.
Maryam Borumand, Sara Sibilla. Effects of a nutritional supplement containing collagen peptides on skin elasticity, hydration and wrinkles. J Med Nutr Nutraceut 2015; 4(1): 47-53.